Koyana Wildlife Sanctuary, Satara

The forest types are southern tropical evergreen forests and southern moist mixed deciduous forest.Dominant species are Anjani, Jambul, Hirda, Awala, Pisa, Ain, Kinjal, Amba, Kumbha, Bhoma, Chandala, Katak, Nana, Umbar, Jambha, Gela, Bibba etc.. Karvi is found almost all over the area.  Climbers such as Shikekai, Garambi are quite frequent. Shrubs species and Medicinal plants such as Karvand, Vagati, Ranmiri, Tamalpati, Toran, Dhayati, Kadipatta, Narkya, Murudsheng, etc. with small quantity of Bamboo are also found  Quite a large no. of ephemerals, bulbs of seasonal plants are found. 

Fauna:
The sanctuary shelters Tigers(2), Panthers(14), Gaurs(220-250), sloth bears(70-80), Sambars(160-175), Barking deer(180-200), Mouse deer, Dholes, Giant Squirrels, Otters, Common langoors, pythons and Cobras. A unique species such as Bufo koyanansis has only habitat in this protected area.

The composition of avian population is largely seen in the dense forest. Heartspotted, Rufous and Browncapped woodpeckers, Goshawk, Long tailed Nightjar and Fairy Bluebird recorded at Koyana are rare of other locations in western Ghats.

The protected Area contains many threatened and rare tree species such as Garambi (Entanda scandens) and Ran-Jaiphal. Some other species which are either not found anywhere also in Maharashtra and highly threatened are Dhup, Eupohoria longan, Elecoarpus tectorium, tree giants like Harpullia arborea & Turpunita malbarica which are endemic to western ghats are found in the protected area.